ISO INTERNATIONAL STANDARD 8691 First edition 1994-12-01 ANSI Internat Doc Sec Petroleum products - Low levels of vanadium in liquid fuels Determination by flameless atomic absorption spectrometry after ashing Produits pétroliers -- Détermination des basses teneurs en vanadium dans les combustibles liquides -- Methode par spectrometrie d'absorption atomique sans flammeapres calcination ISO Reference number ISO 8691:1994(E) copyright I No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale ISO 8691:1994(E) Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide preparing International Standards is normally carried out through IsO a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. IsO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. Draft International Standards adopted by 'the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International avote. ISO/TC 28, Petroleum products and lubricants. @ISO1994 All rights reserved.Unless otherwise specified, nopart of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from the publisher. International OrganizationforStandardization Casepostale56.CH-1211Geneve20.Switzerland Printed in Switzerland ii Copyright International Organization for Standardization No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS Not for Resale ISO 8691:1994(E) INTERNATIONALSTANDARD ISO Petroleum products -- Low levels of vanadium in liquid fuels Determination by flameless atomic absorption spectrometry after ashing WARNING The use of this International Standard may involve hazardous materials, operations and is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1 Scope 3Principle This International Standard specifies a method for The sample is incinerated in a crucible and brought to determining the vanadium content in the range of glowing heat (500 'C) in a muffle furnace. The ash is 0,4 mg/kg to 4,0 mg/kg in gas turbine fuels and dissolved in hydrochloric acid (1 mol/l), and the domestic fuel oils by means of flameless atomic vanadiumcontentin thehydrochloric acid solution is determined by flameless atomic absorption spectro- absorptionspectrometry. metry. NOTE 1 Fuel oils containing vanadium may cause oper- ational difficulties in the presence of sodium, for example, when being burnt in boilers or used for the operation of gas 4 Reagents and materials turbines. During the analysis, use only reagents of recognized analytical grade, and water equivalent to Grade 3 of 2 Normative references ISO3696. The following International Standards contain pro- visionswhich,throughreference in this text, 4.1 Hydrochloric acid, aqueous solution of con- constitute provisions of this International Standard. At centration 1 mol HCl/litre solution. the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid.All standards are subject to revision,and parties to agreements based on this International Standard 4.2 Sulfuric acid, concentrated, 98 % (m/m) mini- are encouraged to investigate the possibility mum H2S04. applying the most recent editions of the standards indicated below. Members of IEC and ISO maintain 4.3 Sulfur, flowers, registers of currently valid International Standards ash content maximum 10 mg/kg. isO 385-1:1984, Laboratory glassware -- Burettes Part 1: General requirements. 4.4 Xylene (dimethylbenzene). ISO 1042:1983, Laboratory glassware — One-mark volumetric flasks. 4.5 Xylenesulfonic acid. IS0 3170:1988,Petroleum liquids -- Manual sam- Pour 1